Insights Past Issues

This fall, the Securities and Exchange Commission has proposed additional avenues for businesses to raise capital away from the use of registered broker‑dealers.

The Department of Labor proposed a new investment advice fiduciary rule, which generally reinstates the DOL’s longstanding investment advice fiduciary test and provides a new prohibited transaction exemption for such fiduciaries.

On May 4, the SEC Chairman and the Director of the Office of Municipal Securities issued a public statement encouraging issuers, conduit borrowers and other obligated persons of municipal securities to make disclosures describing the effects of the COVID‑19 pandemic on their finances and operations.

On April 8, the SEC adopted rule amendments that will allow closed-end funds and business development companies the ability to use registration, offering and communications rules that are currently available to publicly‑registered operating companies.

With the Form CRS compliance date set for June 30, 2020, the SEC's Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently announced that it would begin conducting examinations focused on Form CRS compliance and outlined the focus of exams likely to occur in the first year following the compliance date.

The SEC has taken several actions to assist funds and advisers in light of the effects of COVID-19. Similarly, FINRA also has taken several actions to provide guidance and certain regulatory relief to its member firms.

The SEC re‑proposed Rule 18f-4, a new exemptive rule designed to provide a more comprehensive approach to the regulation of funds’ use of derivatives and certain other transactions.

On February 18, the SEC issued an order approving a proposed MSRB rule change updating the MSRB’s Electronic Municipal Market Access system website.

On February 7, the SEC Office of Municipal Securities published Staff Legal Bulletin No. 21 that addresses the application of the antifraud provisions of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

On February 10, the SEC’s Fixed Income Market Structure Advisory Committee approved a series of recommendations designed to improve the timeliness of disclosure in the municipal securities market.

The SEC's Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations has released its 2020 Examination Priorities. This Client Alert includes a discussion of the exam priorities.

FINRA recently issued its 2020 Risk Monitoring and Examination Priorities Letter. The letter highlights the areas of focus for FINRA’s risk monitoring, surveillance and examination programs for 2020 and contain numerous links to Regulatory Notices, FINRA Reports and other resources to aid broker-dealers in complying with the priority areas.

On September 17, the SEC announced proposed rules to update the statistical disclosures that bank and savings and loan registrants provide to investors and eliminate disclosures that overlap with other SEC rules, U.S. GAAP or IFRS.

On November 25, the SEC re-proposed Rule 18f-4 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 as amended. Rule 18f-4 is intended to be a new exemptive rule that is designed to enhance the regulation of the use of derivatives by registered investment companies, including mutual funds, ETFs, closed-end funds, and BDCs notwithstanding the restrictions under the 1940 Act.

On November 4, the SEC announced proposed amendments to Rules 206(4)-1 and 206(4)-3 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 to address investment adviser advertisements and payments to solicitors, respectively. 

On September 26, the SEC adopted final Rule 6c-11 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and certain form amendments that standardize the regulatory regime governing exchange-traded funds.

Fund sponsors are increasingly considering two similar types of registered closed-end investment companies known as “interval funds” and “tender offer funds” as an attractive alternative to open-end mutual funds, ETFs and traditional closed-end funds.

On September 26, the SEC adopted Rule 6c-11 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and amendments to Form N-1A and Form N-8B-2 that overhaul the patchwork regulatory framework that currently governs the $3.32 trillion ETF industry. The adopted rule and form amendments are largely similar, but not identical, to the versions that were proposed in June 2018.

The Securities and Exchange Commission voted 3 to 1 to adopt highly anticipated new and amended rules, forms and guidance relating to registered investment advisers’ and broker-dealers’ conduct and interactions with retail customers.  

On March 28, the Securities and Exchange Commission charged the former controller of the College of New Rochelle, a New York-based not-for-profit college, with violating, and aiding and abetting violations of, the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws.

Effective February 27, 2019, there are two new reportable events for which an issuer must provide notice to the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board’s Electronic Municipal Market Access (EMMA) website.

The SEC Rule 15c2-12 amendments will be effective on and after February 27, 2019 with the effect described in the Release. In addition, the Release describes the SEC’s position on certain material financial obligations that may have an impact on primary offerings in addition to disclosures of reportable events made in the future under Rule 15c2-12.

The beginning of each year provides an opportunity for investment advisers to review compliance and regulatory matters, including issues related to private investment funds and commodity pools.

On December 14, the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations issued a Risk Alert reminding investment advisers of their recordkeeping obligations with respect to electronic messaging and summarizing their related observations from recent examinations.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently issued a no-action letter which allows broker-dealers to rely on investment advisers to perform some or all of their Customer Identification Program obligations under federal anti-money laundering legislation.

In October, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York entered a final judgment against Christopher St. Lawrence, the former Supervisor of the Town of Ramapo, New York and Director of Finance and President of the Ramapo Local Development Corporation.

On August 20, the SEC issued Release No. 34-83885 adopting amendments to Rule 15c2-12 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The amendments add two new events to the list of reportable events for which an issuer or obligated person must provide notice to the MSRB's Electronic Municipal Market Access website. 

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations issued a National Exam Program Risk Alert outlining the most common deficiencies that OCIE staff has identified in recent examinations of registered investment advisers’ best execution practices.

On June 28, the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed Rule 6c-11 under the Investment Company Act of 1940 and amendments to Form N-1A and Form N-8B-2 that overhaul the patchwork regulatory framework that currently governs the $3.4 trillion ETF industry.

On April 18, the Securities and Exchange Commission released a new interpretation addressing investment advisers’ fiduciary duties to their clients. The SEC’s proposed interpretive guidance reaffirms and clarifies duties owed by investment advisers to their clients under Section 206 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently proposed new and amended rules and forms under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to require registered investment advisers and broker-dealers to provide a brief relationship summary to retail investors regarding their offered services, the standard of conduct and fees associated with the services.

Today, the Securities and Exchange Commission voted 4 to 1 to propose highly anticipated new and amended rules and guidance relating to registered investment advisers’ and broker-dealers’ conduct and interactions with retail customers.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently published a Risk Alert that highlights frequently-identified investment adviser fee and expense compliance issues from exams of over 1,500 investment adviser examinations during the past two years.

In light of the increasing significance of cybersecurity incidents, the SEC published a press release and additional Commission-level guidance regarding disclosure obligations relating to cybersecurity risks and incidents, which reinforces and expands upon the SEC staff guidance provided in 2011 and addresses two additional topics.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently released its 2018 National Exam Program Examination Priorities. Highlights from the 2018 exam priorities are reviewed in this Client Alert. 

The beginning of each year provides an opportunity for investment advisers to review compliance and regulatory matters, including issues related to private investment funds and commodity pools, which are briefly summarized in this alert.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission issued three no-action letters designed to assist broker‑dealers and investment advisers in addressing issues related to European Union directives and related legislation that will become effective on January 3, 2018.

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. released additional guidance on social media and digital communications in Regulatory Notice 17-18. The guidance from FINRA is summarized in this article.

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board recently issued a market advisory to increase awareness among market participants, including issuers and obligated persons, of the importance of disclosing material information fairly, equitably and in the public domain.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently published a Risk Alert that highlights frequently identified investment adviser advertising compliance issues. The Risk Alert identifies the advertising compliance issues most frequently identified in deficiency letters from investment adviser examinations.

On August 23, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced settlements in enforcement actions against the Beaumont Financing Authority; Alan Kapanicas, the former executive director of BFA; O’Connor & Company Securities Inc., the underwriter of the BFA obligations; and Anthony Wetherbee, the co-founder and former primary investment banker of O’Connor Securities.

This paper, published by the National Association of Bond Lawyers, identifies various issues that arise in connection with the structuring and negotiation of direct purchase transactions, and explores some of the more commonly encountered provisions present in direct purchase documents.

In February 2017, the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management issued guidance providing additional clarity on Rule 206(4)-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

The former Director of Finance for Ramapo, New York, was found guilty by a federal jury of 20 counts of conspiracy, securities fraud and wire fraud in connection with municipal bonds issued by the Town and by the Ramapo Local Development Corporation, a local not-for-profit corporation to further economic development in the Town.

The Securities and Exchange Commission announced that it is requesting comments from retail investors and other interested parties on the standards of conduct applicable for broker-dealers and investment advisers.

Labor Secretary Alexander Acosta confirmed in an Op-Ed in the Wall Street Journal that the Department of Labor fiduciary rule will become applicable on June 9. Along with the Op-Ed, the DOL issued new Conflict of Interest FAQs related to the June 9, 2017 to January 1, 2018 transition period and Field Assistance Bulletin No. 2017-2.

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. recently released additional guidance on social media and digital communications. FINRA previously issued guidance on the use of social media communications in Regulatory Notice 10-06 and Regulatory Notice 11-39.

Yesterday the Department of Labor released the final rule delaying the applicability of the DOL fiduciary rule and the related prohibited transaction exemptions to June 9, 2017. The rule was originally set to become applicable on April 10, 2017.

On March 1, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued a release seeking comments on proposed amendments to Rule 15c2-12 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

The Department of Labor announced a proposed 60-day delay of the applicability date of the DOL fiduciary rule and related exemptions. The DOL has allowed a 15-day comment period providing all interested parties an opportunity to comment on the proposed delay.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management recently issued new guidance providing additional clarity on Rule 206(4)-2 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management recently released guidance on disclosure, suitability and compliance obligations for automated advisers—often referred to as “robo-advisers.”

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. announced the effective date of amendments to FINRA Rule 2232 requiring firms to disclose additional transaction-related information for certain fixed income securities principal transactions with retail customers.

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. recently proposed amendments that would create a new exception to FINRA’s prohibition on projecting performance. The proposed exception to FINRA Rule 2210 would permit a firm to distribute a customized hypothetical investment planning illustration.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently published a Risk Alert listing five compliance topics most frequently identified in deficiency letters to investment advisers following exams.

President Trump issued a memorandum directing the Department of Labor to conduct an analysis of the fiduciary rule’s potential impact. Depending on the results of its examination, the memorandum instructs the DOL to publish for notice and comment a proposed rule to rescind or revise the rule. 

The Department of Labor released on January 13 two sets of frequently asked questions to provide additional guidance on its new fiduciary rule. One set of FAQs is directed at consumers to better help them understand the Rule. The other set of FAQs is directed at financial service providers to address the regulation defining “investment advice.” 

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently released its Examinations Priorities for 2017.

The municipal industry has seen a significant change in recent years with the increased activity of the SEC Enforcement Division and, in particular, its Public Finance Abuse Unit. This is an updated version of an article Chapman attorney Kelly Kost authored for the October 2016 issue of the Illinois GFOA Newsletter. 

On January 10, 2017, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued a cease-and-desist order (Order) to the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (Port Authority) under which the Port Authority acknowledged that it acted negligently in failing to disclose certain risks in official statements for over $2.3 billion of bonds issued between January 2012 and June 2014.

The beginning of each year provides an opportunity for investment advisers to review annual compliance and regulatory matters, including issues related to private investment funds and commodity pools. This alert briefly summarizes some of the primary issues that advisers might consider in their 2017 annual review and update processes.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management has released guidance focused on disclosure issues and certain procedural requirements associated with mutual funds implementing intermediary‑specific variations to sales loads and adding new share classes.

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board recently published guidance on broker-dealer obligations when executing transactions involving a registered investment adviser that is authorized to exercise full discretion to buy and sell municipal securities on behalf on an account holder.

In a December 13 interview, the chief of Securities and Exchange Commission’s public finance abuse unit stated that the SEC does not expect to recommend any further settlements under its Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative. Instead, the public finance abuse unit will focus on those issuers and underwriters that did not self-report disclosure violations under the initiative.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently approved Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. and Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board rule amendments requiring broker-dealers to disclose trade compensation for certain fixed income securities principal transactions with retail customers. 

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board recently issued a notice seeking guidance on its strategic priorities for 2017. The MSRB’s notice seeks comment on potential areas where the MSRB should focus its strategic goals and how it should prioritize its core activities. 

On October 27, the Department of Labor issued its first wave of FAQs to address certain questions that have arisen with respect to the DOL’s previously issued fiduciary rule. Generally, the Rule broadly defines who is a fiduciary under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act and the Internal Revenue Code.

The Securities and Exchange Commission voted last Thursday to adopt changes to enhance liquidity risk management by open-end funds, including mutual funds and exchange-traded funds.

On April 4, the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority issued a joint regulatory notice reminding firms they regulate of their obligation to determine whether state and local government obligations acquired through direct purchase or “bank loan” transactions constitute municipal securities for federal securities law purposes.

The Municipal Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative, as named by the Securities and Exchange Commission in March, 2014, has attracted much attention in the municipal industry and with good reason. 

The Securities and Exchange Commission is seeking comments on proposed Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board rule changes that would require dealers to disclose bond mark-ups and mark-downs on retail customer trade confirmations. 

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently approved new Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. pay‑to-play rules to regulate activities of FINRA member firms that engage in distribution or solicitation activities with government entities on behalf of investment advisers.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently adopted changes to certain aspects of the reporting, disclosure and recordkeeping obligations of registered investment advisers including changes to Form ADV. 

The Securities and Exchange Commission is seeking comments on proposed Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. rule changes that would require members to disclose bond mark-ups and mark-downs on retail customer trade confirmations.

On August 24, 2016, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued cease-and-desist orders to 71 municipal issuers and obligated persons in response to voluntary self-reporting of potential misrepresentations in municipal bond offering documents regarding compliance with prior disclosure obligations under the SEC’s Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative. 

On August 1, the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board released details from its most recent quarterly meeting. Among other things, the press release from the meeting stated that the MSRB will not pursue rulemaking with regard to its concept proposal to require municipal advisors to disclose information about bank loans entered into by their municipal issuer clients. 

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently issued a Risk Alert announcing that they will be undertaking an examination initiative focused on the risk that registered advisers may be making conflicted recommendations to their clients.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently proposed a new rule and rule amendments under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 that would require SEC-registered investment advisers to adopt and implement written business continuity and transition plans.

UCITS are a type of collective investment vehicle and they may be difficult to fit into existing tax and regulatory schemes. Although UCITS were developed to facilitate cross-border investments, the model U.S. and OECD treaties are only recently beginning to effectively address collective investment vehicles.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently published a notice of its intention to adjust for inflation dollar amount thresholds for the “qualified client” definition under Investment Advisers Act of 1940 Rule 205-3. Under Rule 205-3, an investment adviser may charge performance-based fees to a “qualified client” meeting a minimum net worth or minimum assets.

This alert addresses several frequently asked questions related to sales of unit investment trusts registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 by those persons deemed fiduciaries under the U.S. Department of Labor's recently released fiduciary rule.

Today the U.S. Department of Labor released its highly anticipated final rule to define the term “fiduciary” and address conflicts of interest in providing investment advice to retirement accounts.

On March 9, 2016, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission issued a cease and desist order against Westlands Water District, a public agency of the State of California, the District General Manager and General Counsel, and the former District Assistant General Manager.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management recently released guidance regarding registered investment company risk disclosure.

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board is seeking comment on proposed guidance on establishing the “prevailing market price” and calculating mark-ups and mark-downs for principal transactions in municipal securities.  

On February 10, 2016, the Government Finance Officers Association alerted its members that the Enforcement Division of the Securities and Exchange Commission has begun contacting issuers in connection with its Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative. 

This Client Alert briefly summarizes some of the primary issues that advisers might consider in their 2016 annual review and update processes. 

Law360 republished a Chapman Corporate Governance Quarterly Update.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently released its Examinations Priorities for 2016. Firms should review their policies, procedures and business activities in light of OCIE’s stated 2016 priorities.

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority recently filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a revised proposal to establish “pay-to-play” rules that would regulate certain activities of FINRA member firms. The revised proposal responds to comments made on a previous FINRA proposal.

With the 2016 proxy season quickly approaching, reporting companies will begin contemplating the various disclosures they will make. Increasingly, audit committees in particular are being asked to voluntarily provide enhanced disclosure relating to how they perform their oversight duties and responsibilities.

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority is requesting comment on a revised proposal to amend FINRA Rule 2232 governing trade confirmation disclosures. The amendments would require member firms to disclose a “reference price” on customer confirmations for principal transactions in corporate and agency debt securities with retail customers.

On September 30, 2015, in the second round of settlements with underwriters under its Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued cease-and-desist orders to 22 underwriting firms. 

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board recently proposed amendments to MSRB Rule G-15 that would require brokers, dealers and municipal securities dealers to disclose the mark-up or mark-down on retail customer confirmations for specified principal transactions.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently issued a Risk Alert providing information on the areas of focus for the SEC staff’s second round of cybersecurity examinations of registered investment advisers and broker-dealers. 

The Financial Crimes Enforcement Network recently proposed rulemaking to prescribe minimum standards for anti-money laundering programs.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently set the compliance date for the ban on certain payments to third-party solicitors under Rule 206(4)-5 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 as July 31, 2015.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management recently published guidance on investment adviser Code of Ethics exceptions to personal securities transaction reporting for securities transactions occurring in certain types of trusts or investment management accounts where the beneficiary or account holder has limited or no discretionary investment authority. 

On June 18, 2015, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued cease-and-desist orders to 36 underwriting firms in response to voluntary self-reporting of potential misrepresentations in municipal bond offering documents regarding compliance by issuers with prior disclosure obligations under the SEC’s Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative. 

On June 18, 2015, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued cease-and-desist orders to 36 underwriting firms in response to voluntary self-reporting of misrepresentations in municipal bond offering documents regarding compliance with prior disclosure obligations under its Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative.

The Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association recently proposed that the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority amend its rules to replace the current broker-dealer “suitability” standard with a new “best interests” standard along with enhanced customer disclosure about a broker-dealer’s services, conflicts of interest, fees, and compensation. 

This Client Alert summarizes the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed changes to certain aspects of the reporting, disclosure, and recordkeeping obligations of registered investment advisers. 

This Client Alert summarizes the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed changes to certain aspects of the disclosure and reporting obligations of registered investment companies. 

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority recently issued an interpretive letter that allows distributors of mutual funds to include related performance information in communications with institutional investors, including registered broker-dealers and investment advisers.

On May 20, 2015, the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed changes to certain aspects of reporting and disclosure obligations of registered investment advisers and investment companies. 

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Division of Investment Management recently published guidance for registered investment advisers and registered investment companies related to cybersecurity preparedness in their business practices. 

This Chapman and Cutler white paper provides a summary of, and practical guide to, the principal requirements of federal securities laws relating to municipal bonds. Much of the information discussed in this white paper applies to both higher education bonds and other municipal securities, while certain sections focus on securities laws as applied to the high education sector, in particular.

The staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission recently issued guidance to remind affiliates of registered investment companies that the receipt of gifts or entertainment may violate Section 17(e)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940.

As part of its charge to promote a fair and efficient municipal securities market, the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board issued regulatory notice 2015-03 on January 29, 2015, calling for timely disclosure of bank loans extended to municipal borrowers, whether in the form of the direct purchase of bonds or notes, a loan agreement, or any other type of financing with the municipal borrower.

The Securities and Exchange Commission’s Office of Compliance Inspections and Examinations recently issued its 2015 Regulatory and Examinations Priorities Letter.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently issued a no-action letter which grants relief to broker-dealers, allowing them to rely on investment advisers to perform some or all of their Customer Identification Program obligations under federal anti-money laundering legislation.

The beginning of each year provides an opportunity for investment advisers to review annual compliance and regulatory matters, including issues related to private investment funds and commodity pools.

The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. and the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board recently requested comment on proposals to require disclosure of pricing information on customer trade confirmations for certain fixed income security transactions.

Issuers and obligated persons are reminded of the approaching deadline for self-reporting materially inaccurate representations in offering documents regarding compliance with continuing disclosure undertakings.

The Board of Governors of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. recently authorized regulatory notices seeking comment on initiatives to enhance transparency and execution quality in fixed income markets.

The SEC announced modifications to its Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation Initiative on July 31, 2014.

On July 8, 2014, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued its first cease-and-desist order under its Municipalities Continuing Disclosure Cooperation initiative.

In 2013, the Securities and Exchange Commission brought a number of enforcement actions in the municipal market that not only reinforced the agency’s commitment to regulating the municipal market, but also brought about a number of firsts for the SEC’s municipal securities enforcement program.

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently approved the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board’s rule proposals that focus on fair dealing obligations of dealers in municipal securities.

If your firm is a registered investment adviser that has never been examined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, you might want to prepare to see SEC examiners in the near future.

With fixed income markets already in decline in May 2013, speculation regarding Federal Reserve action reached a pinnacle in the last half of June, sparking a bond market selloff of historic proportions.

In accordance with provisions of the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, enacted in 2012, the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission recently published a report on its review of disclosure requirements under SEC Regulation S-K.

On September 18, 2013, in accordance with provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the Securities and Exchange Commission proposed an executive compensation disclosure rule that, if adopted, will require public companies to calculate and disclose in certain SEC filings (1) the median annual total compensation of all employees of the company, excluding the chief executive officer, (2) the annual total compensation of the company’s CEO and (3) the ratio of those two figures, such figures and ratio hereinafter referred to collectively, as the CEO pay ratio.

In a recent regulatory notice, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. provided guidance on disclosure of fees in communications concerning retail brokerage accounts and IRAs.

On July 29, 2013, in the first case of its kind, the Securities and Exchange Commission charged West Clark Community Schools, an Indiana school district, with falsely stating in an official statement that the school district was fully compliant with its duty to provide annual financial reporting and material event notices as required by prior continuing disclosure undertakings. 

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Boards Interpretative Guidance on Underwriter Fair Dealing Obligations contained in Notice 2012-25 will become effective for bonds sold on or after August 2, 2012. The Notice imposes expansive code of conduct and disclosure requirements on underwriters of municipal securities under the “fair dealing” provisions of MSRB Rule G-17, which provides in pertinent part:

“In the conduct of its municipal securities activities, each broker, dealer and municipal securities dealer shall deal fairly with all persons and shall not engage in any deceptive, dishonest, or unfair practice.” 

The Securities and Exchange Commission recently approved the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Boardʼs proposed interpretative notice on the obligations of underwriters to municipal securities issuers under the fair dealing and anti-fraud provisions of MSRB Rule G-17. The Notice establishes a comprehensive code of conduct for underwriters in their dealings with municipal entities and imposes detailed disclosure obligations relating to the underwriterʼs role, compensation, and conflicts of interest, as well as the risks associated with complex municipal securities financings. The Notice takes effect on August 2, 2012. 

The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (“MSRB”) recently issued a notice seeking comments on a concept proposal that would require underwriters and municipal advisers to publicly disclose on the MSRBʼs Electronic Municipal Market Access (“EMMA”) system whether they have made or received certain payments in connection with new issues of municipal securities.

On May 4, 2012, the Securities and Exchange Commission approved the Municipal Securities Rulemaking Boardʼs proposed interpretative guidance on the obligations of underwriters to municipal securities issuers under the fair dealing and anti-fraud provisions of MSRB Rule G-17. The guidance establishes a comprehensive code of conduct for underwriters in their dealings with municipal entities and imposes detailed disclosure obligations relating to the underwriterʼs role, compensation, and conflicts of interest, as well as the risks associated with complex municipal securities financings. The guidance also addresses underwritersʼ representations to issuers, review of official statements, and compensation, as well as fair pricing retail order periods. The guidance will be effective on August 2, 2012. 

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (the “CFTC”) recently issued final rule changes:

 • narrowing the exclusion from the definition of commodity pool operator (“CPO”) available to mutual funds and other registered investment companies (“RICs”) and their advisers;

 • eliminating an exemption from CPO registration available to private fund operators (but keeping another exemption that had also been proposed to be eliminated);

•  narrowing and rescinding certain exemptions from commodity trading advisor (“CTA”) registration;

 • adding certain risk disclosure statements for CPOs and CTAs with respect to swaps; and

 • making certain changes to reporting and certification obligations for entities required to register as CPOs and

• CTAs and entities relying on exclusions and exemptions from registration. 

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) requires the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) to conduct a study of legal and regulatory requirements applicable to broker-dealers, investment advisers, and associated persons who provide personalized investment advice and recommendations about securities to retail customers.